How to Cite
Downloads
Métricas Alternativas
Dimensions
Abstract
In order to identify altitudinal patterns of woody plant diversity in the biogeographical region of Chocó and to evaluate the effect of climatic parameters on these, we studied the structure and plant diversity of five localities. In each locality, we sampled ten subplots of 50 x 2m including all individuals with a diameter at breast height of ≥ 2.5 cm. Additionally, we considered the data from seven biogeographic Chocó localities sampled with the same method. Arecaceae, Rubiaceae and Melastomataceae families dominated in richness and abundance, with the highest importance value indexes. Alpha diversity was higher at low elevations and lower at higher elevations. When adding the other localities, the altitudinal pattern of richness decreased with increasing altitude. The richness of plants had a strong linear relationship with temperature and a logarithmic relationship with precipitation. In this sense, the greatest richness was registered in the areas of the biogeographic Chocó with a higher temperature and relative humidity, although precipitation could reach a saturation point where the increase of plant diversity would be limited. © 2018. Acad. Colomb. Cienc. Ex. Fis. Nat.References
Alcaldía Municipal de Dagua. (2001). Plan Básico de Ordenamiento Territorial (PBOT), Municipio de Dagua, Valle del Cauca.
Alcaldía Municipal de San José del Palmar. (2001). Esquema de Ordenamiento Territorial, Municipio de San José del Palmar, Chocó.
Antonelli, A. & Sanmartín, I. (2011). Why are there so many plant species in the Neotropics? Taxon. 60: 403-414.
Bernal, R., S.R. Gradstein, Celis, M. (Editores). (2015). Catálogo de plantas y líquenes de Colombia. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá. http://catalogoplantasdecolombia.unal.edu.co
Brown, J.H. & Lomolino, M.V. (1998). Biogeography, second edition. Sunderland MA: Sinauer Associates. p. 158.
Brown, J.H. (2001). Mammals of mountainsides: Elevational patterns of diversity. Global Ecology and Biogeography. 10: 101-109.
Brown, A.D. & Kappelle, M. (2001). Introducción a los bosques nublados del Neotrópico: una síntesis regional. En: M. Kappelle & A.D. Brown (editores). Bosques nublados del Neotrópico. Santo Domingo de Heredia: Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad (INBio). p. 25-40.
Chao, A., Chiu, C.-H., Jost, L. (2016). Statistical challenges of evaluating diversity patterns across environmental gradients in mega-diverse communities. Journal of Vegetation Science. 27: 437-438.
CENIPACÍFICO. (1986). Impacto ecológico en Bahía Málaga a raíz de los desarrollos de la Base Naval del Pacífico y carretera de acceso. Cenipácifico, Cali. p. 170.
Colwell, R. K. (2013). EstimateS: Statistical estimation of species richness and shared species from samples, Version 9. User’s Guide and application. http://purl.oclc.org/estimates
Correa-Gómez, D. F., Stevenson, P. R., Álvarez, E., Aldana, A. M., Umaña, M., Cano, Á.,... Devia, W. (2013). Patrones de frecuencia y abundancia de sistemas de dispersión de plantas en bosques colombianos y su relación con las regiones geográficas del país. Colombia forestal. 16 (1): 33-51.
Espinal, L. S. (1990). Zonas de Vida de Colombia. Medellín: Universidad Nacional de Colombia. p. 121.
Faber-Langendoen, D. & Gentry, A.H. (1991). The Structure and Diversity of Rain Forests at Bajo Calima, Choco Region, Western Colombia. Biotropica. 23: 2-11.
Fischer, A., Blaschke, M., Bässler, C. (2011). Altitudinal gradients in biodiversity research: The state of the art and future perspectives under climate change aspects. Waldökologie, Landschaftsforschung und Naturschutz. 11: 35-47.
Gentry, A. H. (1982). Patterns of Neotropical Plant Species Diversity. Evolutionary Biology. 15: 1-84.
Gentry, A.H. (1986). Sumario de patrones fitogeográficos y sus implicaciones para el desarrollo de la Amazonia. Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales. 16: 101-116.
Gentry, A.H. (1988). Changes in plant community diversity and floristic composition on environmental and geographical gradients. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden. 75:1-35.
Gentry, A. H. (1996). A Field Guide to the Families and Genera of Woody Plants of Northwest South America (Colombia, Ecuador, Peru), with Supplementary Notes on Herbaceous Taxa. Washington DC: University of Chicago Press. p. 895.
Gotelli, N.J. & Graves. G.R. (1996). Null models in ecology. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press. p. 368. Gómez-Hernández, M., Williams-Linera, G., Lodge, D.J., Guevara, R., Ruiz- Sánchez, E., Gándara, E. (2016).
Phylogenetic diversity of macromycetes and woody plants along an elevational gradient in Eastern Mexico. Biotropica. 48: 577-585.
Grime, J. P. (2006). Plant strategies, vegetation processes, and ecosystem properties. John Wiley & Sons. p. 456.
Hamilton, A.C. & Perrot, R.A. (1981). A study of altitudinal zonation in the montane forest belt of Mt Elgon, Kenia/Uganda. Vegetatio. 45: 107-125.
Hammer, Ø., Harper, D.A.T., Ryan, P.D. (2001). PAST: Paleontological statistics software package for education and data analysis. Paleontologia Electronica. 4: 1-9.
Hijmans, R. J., Cameron, S. E., Parra, J. L., Jones, P. G., Jarvis A. (2005). Very high resolution interpolated climate surfaces for global land areas. International Journal of Climatology. 25: 1965-1978.
Kappelle, M., Brown, A. (Editors). (2001). Bosques nublados del Neotrópico. Editorial IMBIO, Costa Rica, p. 397-442. Kelleher, G., Bleakley, C., Wells, S. (1995). A global representative system of marine protected areas IV, Great Barrier Marine Park Authority, World Bank, IUCN, Washington.
Kreft, H. & Jetz, W. (2007). Global patterns and determinants of vascular plant diversity. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 104 (14): 5925-5930.
Huston, M. & DeAngelis, D.L. (1994). Competition and coexistence: The effects of resource transport and supply rates. American Naturalist. 144: 954-977.
Ibanez, T., Grytnes, J.A., Birnbaum, P. (2016). Rarefaction and elevational richness pattern: A case study in a high tropical island (New Caledonia, SW Pacific). Journal of Vegetation Science. 27: 441-451.
Lomolino, M.V. (2001). Elevation gradients of species-density: Historical and prospective views. Global Ecology and Biogeography. 10: 3-13.
McCain, C.M. & Grytnes, J. (2010). Elevational gradients in species richness. In: Encyclopedia of Life Sciences (ELS). John Wiley & Sons, Ltd: Chichester.
Mora-Osejo, L.E. (1977). El Barniz de Pasto. Caldasia. 11: 5-31. Murillo-A, J. & Murillo-P, M.T. (2003). Pteridófitos de Colombia IV. Novedades en Cyathea (CYATHEACEA). Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales. 27: 45-51.
Myers, N., Mittermeier, R. A., Mittermeier, C. G., Fonseca, G. A., Kent, J. (2000). Biodiversity hot spots for conservation priorities. Nature. 403: 853-858.
Otero, E., Mosquera, A., Silva, G., Guzmán, J. C. (2009). El Chocó biogeográfico de Colombia. Santiago de Cali: Banco de Occidente Credencial.
Palmer, M. W. (1994). Variation in species richness – towards a unification of hypotheses. Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 29:511-530.
Phillips, O. & Miller, J.S. (2002). Global Patterns of Plant Diversity: Alwyn H. Gentry Forest Transect Data Set. St. Louis, MO: Missouri Botanical Garden Press.
Rangel-Ch., J.O. & Lowy-C., P.D. (1993). Colombia Pacífico: Tomo I. Santafé de Bogotá: Editorial del Fondo FEN. p. 393.
Rangel-Ch., J. O. & Rivera-Díaz, O. (2004). Diversidad y riqueza de espermatofitos en el Chocó biogeográfico. En J. O. Rangel-Ch (Editor). Colombia Diversidad Biótica IV: El Chocó Biogeográfico/Costa Pacífica (pp. 83–1). Santafé de Bogotá: Editorial del Fondo FEN. p. 997.
Rangel-Ch., J.O. & Velázquez, A. (1997). Métodos de estudio de la vegetación. En J.O. Rangel-Ch, P.D. Lowy & M. Aguilar (Editores). Colombia Diversidad Biótica II: tipos de vegetación en Colombia. Santafé de Bogotá: Editorial Guadalupe Ltda. p. 59-87.
Rahbek, C. (1995). The elevational gradient of species richness: A uniform pattern? Ecography. 18: 200-205.
StatSoft, Inc. (2004). Statistica: Data analysis software system, version 7. Fecha de consulta: octubre de 2014. Disponible en: www.statsoft.com
Storch D. & Gaston K. J. (2004). Untangling ecological complexity on different scales of space and time. Basic and Applied Ecology. 5: 389-400.
Vargas S., F. & Bolaños-L., M.E. (1999). Anfibios y reptiles presentes en hábitats perturbados de la selva lluviosa tropical en el Bajo Anchicayá, Pacífico colombiano, Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales. 23: 499-511.
Vázquez J.A. & Givnish T.J. 1998. Altitudinal gradients in tropical forest composition, structure, and diversity in the Sierra de Manantlan. Journal of Ecology. 86: 999-1020.
Vetaas, O.R. & Grytnes, J.A. (2002). Distribution of vascular plants species richness and endemic richness along the Himalayan elevation gradient in Nepal. Global Ecology and Biogeography. 11: 291-301.
Whittaker, R. J. (2007). Island biogeography: Ecology, evolution, and conservation. Oxford New York: Oxford University Press. p. 401.
Wright, D. H. (1993) Species-energy theory: An extension of species-area theory. Oikos. 41: 496-506.
Wright, D. H., Currie, D.J., Maurer, B.A. (1993). Energy supply and patterns of species of species richness on local and regional scales. Species diversity in ecological communities. R.E. Ricklefs & D. Schluter, editors. University of Chicago Press, Chicago. p. 66-74.
Declaration of originality and transfer author's rights
The authors declare:
- The published data and reference materials have been duly identified with their respective credits and have been included in the bibliographic notes and citations that have been so identified and that should it be required, I have all releases and permissions from any copyrighted material.
- All material presented is free from any copyright and that I accept full legal responsibility for any legal claims relating to copyrighted intellectual property, fully exonerating from responsibility the Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales.
- This work is unpublished and will not be sent to any other journal while waiting for the editorial decision of this journal. I declare that there is no conflict of interest in this manuscript.
- In case of publication of this article, all author´s rights are transferred to the Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, and so cannot be reproduced in any form without the express permission of it.
- By means of this document, if the article is accepted for publication by the Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, the Revista assumes the right to edit and publish the articles in national and international indices or data bases for academic and scientific use in paper, electronic, CD-ROM, internet form either of the complete text or any other known form known or to be known and non-commercial, respecting the rights of the authors.
Transfer of author rights
In case the article is approved for publication, the main author in representation of himself and his co-authors or the main author and his co-authors must cede the author rights of the corresponding article to the Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, except in the following cases:
The authors and co-authors will retain the right to revise, adapt, prepare derived works, oral presentations, and distribution to some colleagues of reprints of their own published work, if the corresponding credit is given to the Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales. It is also permissible to publish the title of the work, summary, tables, and figures of the work in the corresponding web sites of the authors or their employers, also giving credit to the Revista.
If the work has been realized under contract, the author’s employer has the right to revise, adapt, prepare derivative works, reproduce, or distribute in hard copy the published work, in a secure manner and for the exclusive use of his employees.
If the Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales were approached for permission by a third party for using, printing, or publishing specifically articles already published, the Revista must obtain the express permission of the author and co-authors of the work or of the employer except for use in classrooms, libraries, or reprinted in a collective work. The Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales reserves the possible use in its front cover of figures submitted with the manuscripts.
No other right, other than the author’s right, can be claimed by the Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales.