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La fotoprotección es una estrategia preventiva y terapéutica frente al cáncer y el envejecimiento de la piel. En el presente trabajo se revisan los efectos biológicos adversos de la radiación ultravioleta, los conceptos básicos relevantes de la fotoprotección y los métodos para llevar a cabo su medición. Asimismo, se resumen los resultados obtenidos de la caracterización radiobiológica y genética del modelo experimental (SOS Chromotest) usado para la bioprospección de extractos y moléculas de origen vegetal con potencial en fotoprotección. Además, se presentan datos sobre la eficacia fotoprotectora y las estimaciones del efecto antigenotóxico de aceites esenciales y extractos obtenidos de especies de plantas, así como de los compuestos mayoritarios de los aceites y extractos promisorios analizados en este estudio. Por último, se postulan posibles mecanismos de acción de algunas moléculas relevantes. Los resultados se presentan y discuten destacando su potencial uso para el desarrollo de bloqueadores solares multifuncionales.
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