Efecto de la molienda mecánica de alta energía sobre las propiedades estructurales, morfológicas y magnéticas de la aleación magnética blanda nanocristalina FeSiBPCu
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Palabras clave

Molienda de alta energía
Aleación nanocristalina
Polvos magnéticos blandos
Análisis estructural

Cómo citar

Perea-Cabarcas, D., Saavedra-Gaona, I. M., Rosales-Rivera, A., Parra-Vargas, C. A., Echeverría, F. ., & Bolívar, F. (2026). Efecto de la molienda mecánica de alta energía sobre las propiedades estructurales, morfológicas y magnéticas de la aleación magnética blanda nanocristalina FeSiBPCu. Revista De La Academia Colombiana De Ciencias Exactas, Físicas Y Naturales. https://doi.org/10.18257/raccefyn.3599

Societal impact


Resumen

Se empleó molienda mecánica de alta energía (HEBM) para producir polvos nanocristalinos a partir de la aleación magnética blanda FeSiBPCu. La influencia del tiempo de molienda sobre la evolución estructural, la morfología de las partículas y las propiedades magnéticas se investigó de manera sistemática. Los resultados muestran que, bajo las condiciones de molienda aplicadas, los polvos alcanzaron un estado estacionario caracterizado por una distribución estrecha del tamaño de la partícula. El análisis cuantitativo de difracción de rayos X mediante el método de Rietveld reveló un refinamiento progresivo del tamaño del cristalito de la fase α-Fe(Si) de 27,6 a 12,8 nm a medida que aumentó el tiempo de molienda. Simultáneamente, la elevada energía mecánica introducida promovió la cristalización parcial de la fase amorfa residual, dando lugar a la formación de las fases secundarias Fe₅B₂P y Fe₃(B,P). Las mediciones magnéticas mediante magnetometría de muestra vibrante indicaron que estos cambios microestructurales afectaron significativamente la respuesta magnética, resultando en una disminución de la magnetización de saturación y un aumento de la coercitividad debido a los defectos inducidos por la molienda y a una acusada deformación plástica. A pesar del deterioro de la suavidad magnética en comparación con las cintas recocidas, los polvos obtenidos conservaron el comportamiento magnético blando típico y presentaron propiedades comparables a las de polvos nanocristalinos a base de Fe utilizados en núcleos compuestos magnéticos blandos. Estos resultados demuestran el potencial de los polvos FeSiBPCu procesados mecánicamente para la fabricación de componentes magnéticos blandos con geometrías complejas.

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Referencias

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