Resumen
El ruido vehicular representa una fuente significativa de contaminación acústica en entornos urbanos que afecta la salud y el bienestar de los habitantes. Este estudio propone un modelo matemático para predecir y mitigar los niveles de ruido vehicular, integrando variables claves como el volumen, la velocidad y la composición del tráfico. La metodología incluyó la recolección de datos en cuatro puntos de la ciudad de Milagro, Ecuador, y el análisis mediante las herramientas QGIS y MATLAB, bajo el estándar RLS 90/DIN con ecuaciones de regresión lineal. Se estimó una reducción del 15 % del ruido con la implementación de barreras acústicas. El modelo demostró una mayor precisión y replicabilidad comparado con estudios previos. En cuanto a limitaciones del estudio, se reconoce la omisión de factores como la vegetación y las condiciones meteorológicas. El modelo puede contribuir a diseñar políticas públicas de planificación urbana y control de la contaminación acústica.
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