Palabras clave
Ostraconotus
redescripción
taxonomía
molecular evidence
DNA
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Resumen
Se revisa la historia taxonómica del cangrejo ermitaño pagurídeo Ostraconotus spatulipes A. Milne-Edwards, 1880, y se documenta la morfología de la especie en detalle en el contexto del conocimiento sistemático moderno de los Paguroidea. El conocimiento molecular sigue siendo limitado, ya que solo el gen H3 fue amplificado con éxito. Sin embargo, la secuencia H3 disponible respalda la ubicación de O. spatulipes dentro de Paguridae, pero no resuelve su posición filogenética interna. Se proporcionan detalles anatómicos completos, ilustraciones y coloración, todos necesarios para los estudios filogenéticos dada la importancia atribuida a esta intrigante especie en la evolución de los Paguroidea en general, y de la familia Paguridae en particular. Este pequeño cangrejo ermitaño morfológicamente excepcional y carcinizado (< 5,0 mm de longitud de caparazón) se conocía exclusivamente por ejemplares recolectados entre 1872 y 1879 en el Golfo de México y frente a Barbados. Sorprendentemente, a pesar de numerosas prospecciones faunísticas y expediciones realizadas desde entonces en la región, no se habían obtenido más ejemplares de O. spatulipes hasta que uno de nosotros (DLF) capturó una sola hembra frente a la costa oeste de Florida en 2014. Se requieren más especímenes frescos para ampliar los análisis genéticos moleculares que puedan situar con precisión a esta especie única dentro del Árbol de la Vida de Anomuros.
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