Teoría de perturbaciones de muchos cuerpos de segundo orden para el método de orbitales moleculares de cualquier partícula cuántica en el marco de productos de Hartree de funciones de onda localizadas
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orbitales moleculares para cualquier partícula
teoría de perturbaciones de muchos cuerpos
efectos cuánticos nucleares
química muónica
programa LOWDIN

Cómo citar

Reyes, A. (2026). Teoría de perturbaciones de muchos cuerpos de segundo orden para el método de orbitales moleculares de cualquier partícula cuántica en el marco de productos de Hartree de funciones de onda localizadas. Revista De La Academia Colombiana De Ciencias Exactas, Físicas Y Naturales. https://doi.org/10.18257/raccefyn.3606

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Resumen

Se presenta una teoría alternativa de perturbaciones de muchos cuerpos de segundo orden (MBPT(2)) para el método de orbitales moleculares para cualquier partícula (Any-Particle Molecular Orbital, APMO). En dicho marco, la función de onda de referencia se construyó como un producto de determinantes de Slater para especies ligeras (por ejemplo, electrones) y productos de Hartree de orbitales localizados para especies pesadas (por ejemplo, muones y núcleos). Se analizó el impacto de esta aproximación de producto de Hartree (Hartree Product Approximation, HPA) en las energías APMO/MBPT(2) en la molécula de hidrogeno y en dímeros unidos por enlaces de hidrogeno. Se observó que el efecto de la HPA en las energías de primer orden es despreciable. En cambio, la HPA introduce cambios en los términos de correlación núcleo-electrón, lo que conduce a reducciones del orden de 10−2 u.a. en las energías de segundo orden. Las energías APMO/MBPT(2)/HPA están más cercanas a las energías de interacción de configuración completa (full-CI) que las energías APMO/MBPT(2) convencionales. La aplicación a sistemas que contienen múltiples núcleos de hidrógeno reveló que la HPA reduce el escalado formal de la transformación de integrales núcleo-electrón y núcleo-núcleo, pasando de quintico a cuártico y cúbico, respectivamente. Estas reducciones permiten realizar cálculos APMO/MBPT(2) en sistemas mucho más grandes. La aplicación del método APMO/MBPT(2) a átomos de helio y litio muónicos, así como al dímero de helio muónico, muestra que la correlación muón-electrón es del orden de apenas 1×10−6 u.a. Este trabajo constituye una contribución metodológica y computacional que ofrece una aproximación pragmática y de bajo costo para estudios exploratorios de efectos cuánticos nucleares en sistemas de tamaño medio. La principal ventaja reside en la reducción de la complejidad computacional, lo que permite explorar sistemas más grandes y superficies de energía potencial.

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Referencias

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