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Cataract, which involves a loss of transparency of the crystalline lens, is a very disabling vision disorder that has afflicted mankind throughout our history. In recent decades, it has been successfully treated by replacing the natural lens with an artificial intraocular lens. This paper focuses on the optical aspects, from the design of the implant to the effects on the visual system and considers two imaging issues of great interest currently: (a) intraocular lens designs that, besides eliminating cataract, partially correct presbyopia and b) the quality of an intraocular lens evaluated by two different methodological ways: one, optical (in vitro) in the laboratory, and the other visual (in vivo) by clinical examination of implanted patients. The metrics correlating both methods aim at better predictability of postoperative results. Given the wide variety of intraocular lenses currently vailable with markedly different optical properties, a personalized selection of the implant that best suits the patient’s characteristics and takes into account their lifestyle is necessary
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