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Abstract
We describe a new species, Rhytidhysteron columbiense Soto-Medina & Lücking, from Colombia. It is a saprobic species found on decaying branches in montane rain forest remnants, characterized by boat-shaped ascomata up to 3 mm long and 1.8 mm wide, with brown-black disc and yellowish-green pruina, perpendicularly striate margins, and by 3-septate, ellipsoid to fusiform, red-brown ascospores 38–52 × 13–18 μm in size. The new species differs from all other species in the genus by the yellowish-green pruina on the margins of the ascomata and from R. rufulum s.lat. also in the larger ascospores, whereas R. brasiliense has similarly long ascospores, but differs in their broader width and their pigmentation, as they remain light brown at maturity. A provisional working key to known species of the genus in the world is provided based on literature data. © 2017. Acad. Colomb. Cienc. Ex. Fis. Nat.
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