How to Cite
Downloads
Most read articles by the same author(s)
- Carlos Alberto García-Ramírez, María Paula Rey-Roman, Jose Jaime Martínez-Vertel, Sillimanite in schists and quartzites of the Silgará Schits Unit in Cerro La Ventana in the Santander Massif, Colombia: petrological implications , Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales: Vol. 44 No. 172 (2020)
Métricas Alternativas
Dimensions
Abstract
The latest geochronological studies carried out in the Silgara Formation (an original name given to a group of schist and phyllites outcropping southwestern Santander Massif), has provided the basis for proposing this formation´s split-off in the following units: Silgara Schist s.s., Chicamocha Schist and San Pedro Phyllites. These units are characterized by its different metamorphic lithologies and by its different protolith deposition´ ages.
In the context of the aforementioned ideas, the current work aims to provide new evidences supporting the referred proposal concerning the Silgara Formation´ split- ff, based on detrital zircons isotopic analysis from the already mentioned new three metamorphic units and on some whole rock geochemistry analysis as well. Likewise, based on the accumulated geological information, a new stratigraphic framework for the Santander Massif´ metamorphic basement is here proposed. © 2016. Acad. Colomb. Cienc. Ex. Fis. Nat. All rights reserved.
References
Albarède, F., Scherer, E.E., Blichert-Toft, J., Rosing, M.T., Simionovici, A., Bizzarro, M., 2006. Gamma-ray irradiation in the early solar system and the conundrum of the 176Lu decay constant. Geochimica and Cosmochimica Acta, 70: 1261-1270.
Amelin, Y., Lee, D.Ch., Halliday, A. N., Pidgeon, R. T. (1999). Nature of the Earth’s earliest crust from hafnium isotopes in single detrital zircons. Nature, 399 (20): 252-255.
Andres, M., Blichert-Toftb, J., Schilling, J. (2004). Nature of the depleted upper mantle beneath the Atlantic: evidence from Hf isotopes in normal mid-ocean ridge basalts from 79°N to 55°S. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 225: 89-103.
Arvizu, H. E., Iriondo, A. (2011). Estudios isotópicos de Hf en zircones de granitoides pérmicos en el NW de México: Evidencia de mezcla de magmas generados a partir de la fusión de múltiples fuentes corticales. Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Geológicas, 28 (3): 493-518.
Bhatia, M.R., Crook, K.A.W. (1986). Trace element characteris-tics of graywackes and tectonic setting discrimination of sedimentary basins. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 92: 181-193.
Blichert-Toft, J., Albarède, F. (1997). The LueHf isotope geochemistry of chondrites and the evolution of the mantle-crust system. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 148: 243-258.
Blichert-Toft, J., Chauvel, C., Albarède, F. (1997). Separation of Hf and Lu for high- precision isotope analysis of rock samples by magnetic sector-multiple collector ICP-MS. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 127: 248-260.
Bouvier, A., Vervoort, J.D., and Patchett, P.J. (2008). The Lu–Hf and Sm–Nd isotopic composition of CHUR: Constraints from unequilibriated chondrites and implications for the bulk composition of terrestrial planets: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 273: 48-57.
Boinet, T., Bourgois, J., Bellon, H. y Toussaint, J. (1985). Age et repartition du magmatism Premesozoique des Andes de Colombie. Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des séaces de L’Académie des Sciences. Serie D: SciencesNaturalles, 300 (II): 445-450.
Botello, F., Mantilla, F. L.C., Colegial, G. J. (2014). Edad U-Pb en zircones y contexto tectónico de formación del Granito de Durania (Macizo de Santander, Colombia). Memorias XI Semana Técnica de Geología y I Geosciences anual meeting. UIS. Bucaramanga, 11 al 15 de Agosto de 2014.
Chang, Z., Vervoort, J.D., Knaack, C., and McClelland, W.C. (2006). U-Pb dating of zircon by LA-ICP-MS. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 7 (5): 1-14.
Chew, D.M., Schaltegger, U., Košler, J., Whitehouse, M.J., Gutjahr, M., Spikings, R.A., Miškovíc, A. (2007). U-Pb geochronologic evidence for the evolution of the Gondwanan margin of the north-central Andes.
Geological Society of America Bulletin, 119: 697-711. Chew, D.M., Magna, T., Kirkland, C.L., Miskovic, A., Cardona, A., Spikings, R., Schaltegger, U. (2008). Detrital zircon fingerprint of the Proto-Andes: evidence for a Neoproterozoic active margin? Precambrian Research, 167: 186-200.
Clavijo, J. (1994). Mapa geológico generalizado del Departamento de Norte de Santander, Memoria explicativa. Informe interno INGEOMINAS, 67p.
Cordani, U., Cardona, A., Jimenez, D., Liu, D., Nutman, A. (2005). Geochronology of Proterozoic basement inliers in Colombian Andes: tectonic history of remnants of a fragmented grenville belt. in: terrane processes at margins of gondwana. Geological Society, London, Special Publications. Edited by Vaughan, A.; Leat, P.; Pankhurst, R., 246: 329- 46.
Cordani, U.G., Sato, K., Teixeira, W., Tassinari, C.G., and Basei, M.A.S. (2000). In Cordani, U.G., Milani, E.J., Thomaz Filho, A., and Campos Neto, M.C., eds., Tectonic Evolution of South America: Rio de Janeiro, 31st International Geological Congress, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, 19-40.
De Roever, E.W.F., Lafon, J-M., Delor, C., 3, Guerrot, C. (2010). Orosirian magmatism and metamorphism in Surinam: new geochronological constraints. 45º Congresso Brasileiro de Geologia. Belém, 26 de Setembro a 01 de Outubro de 2010. Poster. Da Rosa-Costa, L., Lafon, J-M., Delor, C. (2006). Zircon geochronology and Sm– d isotopic study: Further constraints for the Archean and Paleoproterozoic geodynamical evolution of the southeastern Guiana Shield, north of Amazonian Craton, Brazil. Gondwana Research, 10: 277-300.
De Avelar, V. G., Lafon, J-M, Delor, C., Guerrot, C., Lahondére, D. (2003). Archean cristal remmants in the easternmost part of the Guiana Shield: Pb-Pb and Sm-Nd geochronological evidence for Mesoarchean versus Neoarchean signatures. Géologie de la France, (2-3-4), 83-99.
Delor, C., Roever, E. W. F., Lafon, J-M., Lahondére, D., Rossi, Ph., Cocherie, A., Guerrot, C., Potrel, A. (2003). The Bakhuis ultrahigh- emperature granulite belt (Suriname): II. implications for late Transamazonian crustal stretching in a revised Guiana Shield framework. Géologie de la France, (2-3-4), 207-230.
Fralick, P. W., Kronberg, B. (1997). Geochemical discrimination of clastic sedimentary rock sources. Sed. Geol., 113, 111-124.
García, C., Ríos, C. (1999). Metamorfismo y metalogénia asociada del Macizo de Santander, Cordillera Oriental, Colombia. Informe final Proyecto de Investigación 102-05-083-95 Colciencias-Universidad Industrial de Santander (Bucaramanga), 191p.
García-Ramírez, C., Ríos, C. (2004). Occurrence and significance of the polymorphs of Al2SiO5 in metamorphic rocks of the Santander Massif, Eastern Cordillera (Colombian Andes). Boletin de Geología, 26 (43): 23- 8
Goldsmith, R., Marvin, R.F., Mehnert, H.H. (1971). Radiometric ages in the Santander Massif, Eastern Cordillera, Colombian Andes. U.S. Geological Survey Professional. Paper 750-D, D44-D49.
Hildebrand, R. S. (2005). Autochthonous and allochthonous strata of the El Callao greenstone belt: Implications for the nature of the Paleoproterozoic Trans-Amazonian orogeny and the origin of gold- earing shear zones in the El Callao mining district, Guayana shield, Venezuela. Precambrian Research 143: 75-86.
Ibanez-Mejia, M., Ruiz, J., Valencia, V.A., Cardona, A., Gehrels, G.E., and Mora, A.R. (2011). The Putumayo Orogen of Amazonia and its implications for Rodinia reconstructions: New U–Pb geochronological insights into the Proterozoic tectonic evolution of northwestern South America: Precambrian Research, 191 (1): 58-77.
Hoang, L. V., F.-Y. Wu, P. D. Clift, A. Wysocka, and A. Swierczewska (2009). Evaluating the evolution of the Red River system based on in situ U-Pb dating and Hf isotope analysis of zircons. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 10 (11). doi:10.1029/2009GC002819.
Kemp, A.I.S., Wormald, R.J., Whitehouse, M.J., Price, R.C. (2005). Hf isotopes in zircon reveal contrasting sources and crystallization histories for alkaline to peralkaline granites of Temora, southeastern Australia. Geology, 33 (10): 797-800.
Koglin, N., Zeh, A., Frimmel, H. E., Gerdes, A. (2010). New constraints on the auriferous Witwatersrand sediment provenance from combined detrital zircon U–Pb and Lu–Hf isotope data for the Eldorado Reef (Central Rand Group, South Africa). Precambrian Research, 183: 817-824.
Machado, N., Simonetti, A. (2001). U-Pb dating and Hf isotopic composition of zircon by Laser Ablation-MC-ICP-MS. In: Laser Ablation- CPMS in the Earth Sciences: Principles and Applications, pp. 121-146 (Chapter 9).
Mantilla, Figueroa. L. C., Bissig, T., Valencia, V., Craig, H. (2013). The magmatic history of the Vetas-California mining district; Santander Massif, Eastern Cordillera, Colombia. Journal of South American Earth Sciences, 45: 235-249.
Mantilla, Figueroa. L. C., Bissig, T., Cottle, J. M., Hart, C. 2012. Remains of early Ordovician mantle-derived magmatism in the Santander Massif (Colombian Eastern Cordillera). Journal of South American Earth Sciences 38: 1-12.
Mantilla-Figueroa, L., García-Ramírez, C., Ríos-Reyes, C., Castellanos, O., Valencia, V., Camacho, D. (2015). Geocronología U-Pb en circones detríticos de rocas metasedimentarias del Macizo de Santander (Cordillera Oriental, Colombia): Implicaciones estratigráficas. Memorias XV Congreso Colombiano de Geología, Bucaramanga, Agosto 31 a Septiembre 5 de 2015, p.p. 444-450.
Mantilla, Figueroa. L. C., García, C. A., Valencia, V. (2016). Propuesta de escisión de la denominada ‘Formación Silgará’ (Macizo de Santander, Colombia), a partir de edades U-Pb en zircones detríticos. Boletín de Geología, 38 (1): 33-47.
Moreno-Sánchez, M., Gómez-Cruz, A. d. J., y Castillo-González, H. (2005). La Formación Floresta Metamorfoseada (sensu Ward et al., 1973) no es la Formación Floresta sin metamorfosear. Memorias X Congreso Colombiano de Geología. Bogotá, pp. 1-7.
Nebel, O., Rapp, R. P., Yaxley, G. M. (2014). The role of detrital zircons in Hadean crustal research. Lithos, 190: 313-327.
Neves, S. P., Alcantara, V. C. (2010). Geochemistry of orthogneisses and metasedimentary rocks across a proposed terrane boundary in the Central Domain of Borborema Province, NE Brazil: Geodynamic implications. Journal of South American Earth Sciences, 29: 498-511.
Ramos, V.A. (2010). The Grenville-age basement of the Andes: Journal of South American Earth Sciences, 29 (1): 77-91.
Restrepo-Moreno, S. (2009). Long-term morphotectonic evolution and denudation chronology of the Antioqueño plateau, Cordillera Central, Colombia. Ph.D thesis, University of Florida, 233p.
Restrepo-Pace, P.A., Cediel, F. (2010). Northern South America basement tectonics and implications for paleocontinental reconstructions of the Americas. Journal of South American Earth Sciences, 29: 764-771.
Ríos, C., García-Ramírez, C., Takasu, A. (2003). Tectono-metamorphic evolution of the Silgara Formation meta-morphic rocks in the southwestern Santander Massif, Colombian Andes. Journal of South American Earth Sciences, 16: 133-154.
Roser, B.P., Korsch, R.J. (1986). Determination of tectonic setting of sandstone– mudstone suites using SiO2 content and K2O/Na2O ratio. J. Geol., 94.
Royero, J., Vargas, G. (1999). Geología del Departamento de Santander. Ingeominas.
Royero, G.J.M., Clavijo, J. (2001). Mapa Geológico generalizado departamento de Santander. Escala 1: 400.000. Informe Ingeominas, 92 p.
Scherer, E., Münker, C., Mezger, K. (2001). Calibration of the lutetium- afnium clock. Science 293: 683-687.
Siebel, W., Van den haute, P. (2007). Radiometric dating and tracing. In: Radiochemistry and Nuclear Chemistry, [Ed. Sandor Nagy]. Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (EOLSS), Developed under the Auspices of the UNESCO, Eolss Publishers, Oxford UK, [http://www.eolss.net]
Spikings, R. Cochrane, R., Villagomez, D., Van der Lelij, R., Vallejo, C., Winklerf, W. Beate, B. (2015). The geological history of northwestern South America: from Pangaea to the early collision of the Caribbean Large Igneous Province (290–75 Ma). Gondwana Research, 27 (1): 95- 39.
Tassinari, C. C.G., Munhá, J. M. U., Teixera, W., Palacios, T., Nutman, A. P., Sosa S. C., Santos, A. P., Calado, B. O. (2004). The Imataca Complex, NW Amazonian Craton, Venezuela: Crustal evolution and integration of geochronological and petrological cooling histories. Episodes, 27 (1): 3-12.
Tassinari, C., and Macambira, M. (1999). Geological provinces of the Amazonían Craton. Episodes, 22: 173-182.
Taylor, S. R., McLennan, S. M. (1985). The Continental Crust, its Composition and Evolution (Blackwell Scientific, Oxford).
Turkina, O. M., Lepekhina, E. N., Berezhnaya, N. G., Kapitonov, I. N. (2014). U–Pb age and Lu–Hf Isotope Systematics of Detrital Zircons from Paragneiss of the Bulun Block (Sharyzhalgai Uplift of the Siberian Craton Basement). Doklady Akademii Nauk, 458 (5): 582-589.
U.S Geological Survey and Corporación Venezolana de Guayana, Técnica Minera C. A. (1993). Geology and Mineral Resource Assessment of the Venezuelan Guayana Shield. U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 2062. 128 p.
Van Der Lelij, R. (2013). Reconstructing north-western Gondwana with implications for the evolution of the Iapetus and Rheic Oceans: a geochronological, thermochronological and geochemical study. Thèse de doctorat, Univ. Genève, no. 4581, 248p. http://archive-uverte.unige.ch/unige:31653.
Van Der Lelij, R., Spikings, R., Ulianov, A., Chiaradia, M., Mora, A. (2015). Palaeozoic to Early Jurassic history of the northwestern corner of ondwana, and implications for the evolution of the Iapetus, Rh..., Gondwana Research.doi.org/10.1016/j.gr.2015.01.011
Veevers J. J., Belousova E. A., Saeed A., Sircombe K., Cooper A. F. and Read S. E. (2006). Pan-Gondwana detrital zircons from Australia analysed for Hf-isotopes and trace elements reflect an ice-covered Antarctic provenance of 700–500 Ma age, TDM of 2.0–1.0 Ga, and alkaline affinity. Earth Sci. Rev., 76: 135-174.
Villamizar, D., Rueda, L. (2014). Petrografía de los Esquistos del Silgará en la franja Matanza.Cachirí-Turbay. Trabajo de grado. Escuela de Geología, Universidad Industrial de Santander, 129p.
Vervoort, J.D., Patchett, P.J., Soderlund, U., Baker, M. (2004). The isotopic composition of Yb and the precise and accurate determination of Lu concentrations and Lu/Hf ratios by isotope dilution using MC-ICP-MS.
Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst. 5. doi:10.1029/2004GC000721.
Vervoort, J. and Kemp, A. (2016). Clarifying the zircon Hf isotope record of crust–mantle evolution. Chemical Geology, 425: 65-75.
Ward, D., Goldsmith, R., Cruz, B., Jaramillo, C., Restrepo, H. (1973). Geología de los Cuadrángulos H-12, Bucaramanga y H-13, Pamplona, Departamento de Santander. U.S. Geological Survey e Ingeominas. Boletín Geológico, XXI (1-3): 1-132.
Weaver, B., Tarney, J. (1984). Empirical approach to estimating the composition of the continental crust. Nature, 310: 575-577.
Weber, B., Scherer, E.E., Schulze, C., Valencia, V.A., Montecinos, P., Mezger, K., and Ruiz, J. (2010). U–Pb and Lu–Hf isotope systematics of lower crust from central-southern Mexico– Geodynamic significance of Oaxaquia in a Rodinia Realm: Precambrian Research, 182 (1): 149-162.
Yang, Z. N., Yang, K. G., Xu, Y., Deng, X., Cheng, W., Long, Z. Y. (2015). Zircon U-Pb geochronology, Hf isotopic composition, and geological implications of the Neoproterozoic meta-sedimentary rocks in Suizhou- aoyang area, the northern Yangtze Block. Science China: Earth Sciences, doi: 10.1007/s11430-015-5073.
Zeh, A., Gerdes, A., Barton, J. (2009). Archean Accretion and Crustal Evolution of the Kalahari Cratonçthe Zircon Age and Hf Isotope Record of Granitic Rocks from Barberton/Swaziland to the Francistown Arc. Journal of Petrology, 50:933-966, doi:10.1093/petrology/egp027
Zeh, A., Gerdes, A., Heubeck, C. (2013). U-Pb and Hf isotope data of detrital zircons from the Barberton Greenstone Belt: constraints on provenance and Archaean crustal evolution. Journal of the Geological Society, 170: 215-223. doi:10.1144/jgs2011-162
Declaration of originality and transfer author's rights
The authors declare:
- The published data and reference materials have been duly identified with their respective credits and have been included in the bibliographic notes and citations that have been so identified and that should it be required, I have all releases and permissions from any copyrighted material.
- All material presented is free from any copyright and that I accept full legal responsibility for any legal claims relating to copyrighted intellectual property, fully exonerating from responsibility the Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales.
- This work is unpublished and will not be sent to any other journal while waiting for the editorial decision of this journal. I declare that there is no conflict of interest in this manuscript.
- In case of publication of this article, all author´s rights are transferred to the Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, and so cannot be reproduced in any form without the express permission of it.
- By means of this document, if the article is accepted for publication by the Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, the Revista assumes the right to edit and publish the articles in national and international indices or data bases for academic and scientific use in paper, electronic, CD-ROM, internet form either of the complete text or any other known form known or to be known and non-commercial, respecting the rights of the authors.
Transfer of author rights
In case the article is approved for publication, the main author in representation of himself and his co-authors or the main author and his co-authors must cede the author rights of the corresponding article to the Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, except in the following cases:
The authors and co-authors will retain the right to revise, adapt, prepare derived works, oral presentations, and distribution to some colleagues of reprints of their own published work, if the corresponding credit is given to the Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales. It is also permissible to publish the title of the work, summary, tables, and figures of the work in the corresponding web sites of the authors or their employers, also giving credit to the Revista.
If the work has been realized under contract, the author’s employer has the right to revise, adapt, prepare derivative works, reproduce, or distribute in hard copy the published work, in a secure manner and for the exclusive use of his employees.
If the Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales were approached for permission by a third party for using, printing, or publishing specifically articles already published, the Revista must obtain the express permission of the author and co-authors of the work or of the employer except for use in classrooms, libraries, or reprinted in a collective work. The Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales reserves the possible use in its front cover of figures submitted with the manuscripts.
No other right, other than the author’s right, can be claimed by the Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales.