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High-mountain tropical environments are predicted to present greater thermal extremes due to climate change in the coming years. In this scenario, endemic species with limited distribution may have population impacts. Therefore, it is important to study the physiological responses of these organisms in such environmental conditions. In this context, our objective was to estimate the effect of temperature on the respiration of the high mountain frog Dendropsophus molitor by determining oxygen consumption (V̇O2) at increasing temperatures (18°C to 28°C) in Gosner development stages 31–40 larvae, Gosner stage 43–45 juveniles, and adults. V̇O2 in larvae was measured using a dissolved oxygen (DO) probe and in juveniles and adults using a gaseous oxygen sensor in a closed chamber. Juvenile individuals and adults had a V̇O2 increase as a function of temperature and larvalstage individuals’ V̇O2 presented a monotonic trend in response to the thermal treatment evaluated, with an increase from 18 to 23°C followed by a decrease of 23% from 23 to 28°C. This suggests that the respiratory function of this species’ larvae is vulnerable to high temperatures, so this would be the most susceptible development phase before a global warming scenario.
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