Abstract
The cultivation of edible mushrooms of the Pleurotus genus represents a sustainable strategy for valorizing lignocellulosic waste in agroforestry regions. Here, we evaluated the productive and nutritional performance of Pleurotus ostreatus (LMEPo-1) and P. djamor (LMEPd-1) using corn stover (Zea mays) (CS) and sawdust from yana bara (P. discolor) (SD), both abundant residues in the San Martín region of Perú. We analyzed variables such as biological efficiency, production rate, yield, and the proximate composition of fruiting bodies. The results showed that the CS 100% substrate combined with P. ostreatus exhibited the highest productive performance, reaching a biological efficiency of 138.48%, a production rate of 2.53%, and a yield of 22.53%. In contrast, treatments with SD 100% produced significantly lower outputs. The nutritional composition of the fruiting bodies also varied depending on the substrate and species: P. ostreatus grown on CS 100% stood out for its high protein (31.7%) and crude fiber (25.2%) content, while P. djamor on SD 100% had the highest content of soluble carbohydrates (40.5%). We confirmed the significant effect of species and substrate interaction for all the variables evaluated. These findings support the use of corn stover as an efficient substrate and highlight its potential in mushroom cultivation systems of Pleurotus species for food, nutritional, and environmental purposes, promoting circular agricultural practices in the Peruvian Amazon.
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