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El principal objetivo de este trabajo fue mostrar que la propagación de la pandemia de COVID-19 alrededor del mundo exhibe propiedades de sistema complejo tales como leyes lognormales, escalamiento de la fluctuación temporal y correlación en el tiempo. Primero, el número acumulado diario de casos confirmados y de muertes se distribuye entre los países del mundo como lognormales, de tal manera que estas series de tiempo exhiben la propiedad de escalamiento de la fluctuación temporal. Segundo, se muestra que las series de tiempo de retornos diarios de casos confirmados y de muertes por día están asociadas con distribuciones de Levy estables, y que presentan la propiedad de correlación temporal. La principal motivación del trabajo fue llamar la atención sobre el hecho de que la propagación de la pandemia de COVID-19 puede verse como un sistema complejo y contribuir a determinar las propiedades estructurales de este sistema, lo que es relevante dado que se espera que los futuros modelos estocásticos que describan la propagación de la pandemia desde la perspectiva de una dinámica microscópica deberían poder explicar, en principio, el surgimiento de las propiedades estructurales establecidas en este trabajo.
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Derechos de autor 2021 Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales