Resumen
El Sol es mucho más que nuestra fuente de luz y calor; es un laboratorio cuántico natural donde procesos que van desde la fusión nuclear hasta las interacciones entre radiación y materia tienen lugar en condiciones únicas (ambientes estelares). La mecánica cuántica gobierna los procesos de fusión en el núcleo, el espectro de fotones que emerge de la fotosfera y las ligeras huellas de polarización en la atmósfera solar. Estos efectos no solo sostienen la vida en la Tierra, también proporcionan pruebas fundamentales para la física cuántica. En este artículo exploramos cómo los principios cuánticos moldean el comportamiento del Sol, cómo los estudios solares han impulsado nuestra comprensión de la cuántica y cómo estas ideas inspiran hoy tecnologías que van desde la detección de neutrinos hasta la fotovoltaica y la información cuántica.
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