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This paper on the research of the lightning phenomenon has been elaborated for the author’s possession as a Member of Number of the Colombian Academy of Exact, Physical and Natural Sciences. This phenomenon has been systematically investigated in Colombia in the last four decades or so, motivated by the scientific curiosity to understand the high incidence of damage to systems and equipment, as well as mortality of people. Based on the development of a research hypothesis, the results were compared with concrete reality by using the scientific inductive method and the interdisciplinary work with dialectical links and the intersection and integration of knowledge from Physics, Mathematics, Chemistry, Biology, History, Literature and Social Psychology. The results have contributed with new knowledge in the world concert with research books, papers, patents and technological innovations for applications in lightning protection, technical standards, technical regulations and social appropriation of the science. This article presents the scientific and technological achievements made in Colombia in the field of atmospheric electric discharges, and proposes, based on specific intertropical conditions, the research focus of interest to the country in the future. © 2017. Acad. Colomb. Cienc. Ex. Fis. Nat.References
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