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Abstract
Cladograms allow us to detect different modes of speciation which differ in the distributions of apomorphies and the necessity of correlated habitat changes. Using the exceptionally rich Colombian fauna of Eleutherodactylus and cladistic hypotheses available for 65 species, one finds that allopatry is predominant (94%). Although most events of speciation for these frogs do not correspond to habitat changes, the frequency of changes (one change-per three events or one per four) is notable relative to earlier estimates. These data also permit one to reject the popular notion that the highland faunas have been derived from lowland faunas hecause in general highland taxa are more closely related to other highland laxa. There is a bias in that hábitat changes to lower elevational strata are more common than those to higher strata. This bias could represent the ghost of the last glaciation or may indicate that adaptation to warmer climates is somehow easier for frogs of the genus Eleutherodactylus than is adaptation to cooler climates.
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